Virtusa Software Testing Interview Questions Paper

Virtusa Software Testing Interview Questions Paper

2 Marks * 5 Questions = 10 Marks

ANALYTICAL

1) 1, 2, 3, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, ____ What is the next
number in the series and he asked the reason also?
2) There are 4 coins, you have to arrange them in a 2
rows so that each row should have 3 coins each and
reason for that?
3) Find the odd Word out?
ALPHA, DELTA, SIGMA, OMEGA
4) Find the odd word out?
DEAF, REST , BACK, HELD
5) In Chess Board, how many knights can u arrange so
that no two knights will attack each other?
and He explained the problem.. using mathematical
positions of the knights like (x+1, y), (x+1, y+1)
and so on upto 8 points in which way the KNIGHT
travels in the CHESS BOARD?

4 marks * 5 Questions = 20 marks

1) if SATURN
URANUS
---------------
PLANETS
In this Each LETTER represents a single DIGIT.
Now you have to find atleast 3 digits. no need to
find all DIGITS?
2) 1, 2, 3, 25, 50, 75, 100 using these digits once
and only once with basic operators you have make 81?
3) There are 11 Huge boxes, 8 large boxes, 8 small
boxes. Now there is a table first someone put 11 Huge
boxes on the table and in some of them he added 8
large boxes, and then he put small boxes in large
boxes. Finally he has left 102 boxes empty. Now How
many large boxes were kept in huge boxes and small
boxes were kept in large boxes. (Just similar to
this.. question… not reminded clearly… check it out….)
Ans: Key Steps:
4) He gave one series based on the last 3 letters of
the SOLAR PLANET SYSTEM keeping tow of them blank and
asked us to find them. it was very easy.
SUN, ARS, URY, ____, …______, UTO
Ans: RTH and one another (EARTH and some thing)
5) A Problem on ROPES…
There were some ropes that are of different lengths
and different thickness. Each can burn in 12 minutes
individually. If we are given 9 minutes as ELAPSED
TIME how many ropes can be burnt in that time. (Just
Similar to this…. Check out with some other friends).
Ans:

15 Marks * 1 Question = 15 Marks
WRITING SKILLS
(This is the important and may be most important eliminate process in Virtusa)
1) Write the advantages of "all the rivers linked together in India" and gave one note that this should
be published in Computer Magazine. (May be his intention is to explain the Topic using Computer Words)

10 Marks * 4 Questions = 40 Marks

PROGRAMMING


(Note: You may use language of programming to write
the following codes)

1) Write a program to print all the four digit numbers
whose squares must have all the even digits.
2) Write a program to print the pyramid up to the
passed integer value.
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 …
If we pass the value 13 it should print like
the above (no need to print the 3 dots)
3) In a certain DATABASE we had to store the TIMESTAMP
for each record. Is there any way store in an
efficient way to store (Memory)? The Time stamp has
the following fields. Year, Month, Date, Hour and
Minutes. Discuss the design such DATASTRUCTURE.

4) Write a function which takes one string S, one
character X, one more Character Y which should return
the longest substring in the String S, which starts
with the X and ends with Y?


PATTERN
COMPANY NAME : VIRTUSA
------------------------------------------------------------
DATE OF TEST : 2004
------------------------------------------------------------


The pattern was

1)aptitude:- It was not multiple choice but fill in
the blank along with a reasoning for your answer.
2) Essay Writing :-to testyour communication skills.
3)Open-Ended Problem Solving: only one question
4)Programming: 4 programs-2 programs r to be written,1
to findthe bugs given ina pseudo code,1 to find what a
program does and its limitations.




COMPANY NAME : VIRTUSA
------------------------------------------------------------
DATE OF TEST : June 2004



-> In how many different ways, a rectangle can be cut
into 4 identical parts.

==> using the numbers 1, 2, 3, 25, 50, 75, 100 Exactly
one time, give an expression which will give the
answer as 383.
==> Ans:100*3+75+(50/25)^(2+1)

-> using the numbers 1, 2, 25, 50, 75, 100 Exactly one
time, give an expression which will give the answer as
383.

-> volume of sphere is (PI)*(Theta) Cubic-meters and
Surface area is (PI)*(Epslon) Square-meters And both
are 4 digit integer numbers. What is the value of
radius?

-> Inthe figure given below, Replace '?' mark by any
operator (+, -, *, /, =) and if we leave as it is,
numbers are considered together and forms either 2 or
3 digit numer. Generate an expression using some
symbols.

------------------------
? 2 ? 3
------------------------
2 ?
------- ------
? 1
------------------------
6 ? 1 ?
------------------------

-> Analise the Programe

main(){
int x=1,y=1;
while( (x > 0) && (y > 0) ){
printf("%16d%16d",x,y);
x += y;
y += x;
}
}

-> Start from a random number, generate a sequence
such that if number is odd multiply it 3 and add 1. If
number is even, divide the number by 2. This Sequence
will always cyclic with 4, 2, 1. In this sequesce,
find the maximum power of 2 generaged in the sequence
and print only the power, not the sequence.

-> Start with a random 2 digit number, The series is
generated by multiplying the number by 2 and placing
the last 2 digits as the next number. Series continues
until one of the element repeats.

-> write a function maxsubstring(str,alpha,theta) str
is the source string and have to return maximum sub
string which starts with alpha and ends with theta.


INTERVIEW

-> what will this line will do? if it is legal?
B -= (B <> what does this function do??

int f(int p)
{
int i = 0, t = 1, s = 1;
while( s <= p) { i++; t += 2; s += s; } return i; } -> explain What is divide and conuer method?
Travelling salse man problem
What is greedy method

-> How Neural Networks and A.I are related.

-> Tell me something about your self

-> Where will you see your self after 5 years

-> You awnt to shift your career to management side or
be in technical side?

-> What you do in free time

-> Interests other than studies

-> How do you rate your self in 'C' Programming


COMPANY NAME : VIRTUSA
------------------------------------------------------------
DATE OF TEST : 9 June 2004



Pattern: (No multiple choice Qns)
--------

4 Sections.

1.Analytical Reasoning (12 qns.)

================================
(we have to write reasons for the answer.)

( I don't remember exactly what they had given.I am
putting it in my own words)

1) x1 peach + y1 plum = z1 apple
x2 peach + y2 plum = z2 apple
(x1,y1 .... z2 are integer values)
How many peaches make one apple?

2) 100,100,102,106,112,120,____

3) which is greater ?
Product of all Bradman's first class scores or Sum
of all test scores of Sachin.

4) U r provided with 500ml and 300ml jar(it has no
markings).
a) u have to measure exactly 100ml.
b) u have to measure exactly 200ml.

5) Using four 4's u have to make 1 ... 10.
( for eg. 1 = (4/4)*(4/4)
2 = ?
.
.
10 = ? )

6) student,canopy,thirst,... are the words given.
u have to group the words using the following words

1)Master
2)Teacher
3)Deft
etc..(i don't remember some of words)

7) U have to cut a Pizza using 7 st. lines(wit out
rearranging) and u have to obtain maximum number of
pieces.

( Give generalised solution..)

8) U have to cut a Cylindrical cake of diameter 32 cm
and height 20 cm in to 12 equal pieces.

9) In a village there r 2 groups.

1) Knight -> always tell true
2) Knave -> always tell false

Mr.X met a man of that village(u don't which grp he
belongs) and questioned "Tell me whether u r knight
or knave ?"

Reply: "i cannot tell u and left that place"

Find which grp that man belongs to?



10) obtain 277 from 3,25,50,65,100.use 4 arithmetic
operations only.

11) 1#2=x ,2#3=y, 4#4=z

4@14=a, 5@15=b, d@e=f

( i don't remember values for x,y,z,a,b,c,d,e,f)

find (2#4)@5= ?



12) (i don't remember what they had given.)
It is just example for that question,

CODE is encoded as DGBF
READ is encoded as JHNV


2. Essay(General).
==================
(Topic given: India should spend money on Atom bomb
and Rocket OR for the welfare of poor.)

3. Problem solving.
===================
(Problem statement: How will u determine number of
Petrol bunks in Madras.)

4. Programming.(4 Qns)
===============
( we can use any Programming Language for coding)

a) They had given one function ,we have to find it
what it does and also problem in the fn. and how to
overcome it.

double what( double z, int y)
{
double answer;

while( y > 0 )
{
if( y%2 == 1)
answer = answer * z;
y=y/2;
z=z*z;
}
return answer;
}

b) They had given one Pseudocode.We have to find bug
in the pseudocode.

I don't remeber the pseudocode fully.But the
function of pseudocode is
"To make a Robot to fetch a tumbler of water"

c) write a program to print all Armstrong numbers,
(abc=a^3+b^3+c^3)
(for eg. 153=1^3+5^3+3^3)
d) write a function witj the following conditions,
1)It should have one integer parameter.
2)If the value passed is -ve, return -1.
3)If the value passed is a perfect square, return
root of that number.
4)If the value passed is a not a perfect square,
return that number itself.


COMPANY NAME : VIRTUSA
------------------------------------------------------------
DATE OF TEST : 2004
------------------------------------------------------------

Virtusa Paper consists of 3 sections .
1. Analytical
2. Analytical Writing
3. C-Programming

First when v clear the cutoff of Analytical
section,only then other
sections
r evaluated.So,Don't waste time by spending much time
on Programming.

Analytical Section:
-------------------

Analytical Section consists of Vocab. ( pick the odd
one out ) and
also
some codings like ( ALPHA z coded as BETAH , DELTA z
coded as GAMMA,
then how z
ETA coded ? .. this one .. i have framed it :) ) .
This part z a bit
difficult one.
So, my advice z don't think much about these.

Along with above two categories, there shall be
PUZZLES in this
section.In the
recent paper i attended,i got the following
questions.

1.Volume of a LARGE SPHERE z ( pi * # ) .Area of it z
( pi * & ) where
'#,&' r four digit
integers.What z the value of the radius ? ( Along
with answer , v
have to write
approach).

answer: may be 22

2.In howmany ways can a rectangle can be cut into 4
equal parts.

3.Given 1,2,3,25,50,75 and 100 .. Using each number
"one and only
once" and using
arithmetic operators, write 383 in terms of the
above given numbers.

answer: 383 = ( 100 + 2 ) * 3 + 75 + ( (50 * 1)/2 )

4.A tougher question of above. given 1,2,25,50,75,100
.. write 383 in
terms of the given
numbers.

5.Given following sequence,find the how the sequence
is generated.
2 -> 1,4,9,6,5,6,9,4,1,0
3 -> 1,8,7,4,5,6,3,2,9,0
4 -> 1,6,1,6,5,6,1,6,1,0

answer : the sequences r nothing but the UNIT digits
of
square(x),cube(x),power4(x) where
x = [ 1 ... 10 ]

6.Knights always tell TRUTH.Knaves always tell LIE.U
r a foreigner to
that place and
U have met a person and he replies "I am a knave " .
What can u infer
from his
statement.

answer : nothing can be infered from his statement.

7. using 4 fours and arithmetic operations
write from 1 to 10

3 = ( 4 + 4 + 4 ) / 4

4 = ( 4 - 4 ) * 4 + 4

5 = ( 4 * 4 + 4 ) / 4

6 = 4 + ( 4 + 4 )/4 // 4 + 2

7 = ( 4 + 4 ) - ( 4 / 4 )

8 = ( 4 + 4 ) * ( 4 / 4 )

9 = ( 4 + 4 ) + ( 4 / 4 )

10 = ( 44 - 4 ) / 4


I forget the two more questions.

Analytical Writing :
------------------

This section has two questions only.

1.General topic. ( Don't forget that v have to just
write one page
only .. not an essay)
( So,write the points directly )

For us they gave topics

Is it necessary for to HOST AFROASIAN GAMES ?? Why
can't it spend
that money
for the welfare of poor ?

OR

Can India have better results if the current for of
govt. is changed
to
PRESEDENTIAL FORM OF GOVT. ( like USA ) .

2.He gives a highly impossible possible and asks to
give a solution.(
To check ur
innovative ideas :) )

For us,

Suppose u have suddenly changed to an ANT.U know
human's
abilities,but u have
forgot their language.How can u make urself to
convey ur BELOVED that
u have
been changed to an ANT.

Programming :
-------------

This section consists of 4 questions.Out of 4, for 3
questions v have
to write
code.The last question shall be .. they shall give
some code and v
have to write whether
the code is correct one r not .. if not correct ,
where the
modifications show be done.
and also v have to write what that CODE IS DOING

Read More

2:42 PM | 0 comments

Aptitude Questions with Answers

Q. If 2x-y=4 then 6x-3y=?
(a)15
(b)12
(c)18
(d)10
Ans. (b)


Q. If x=y=2z and xyz=256 then what is the value of x?
(a)12
(b)8
(c)16
(d)6
Ans. (b)


Q. (1/10)18 - (1/10)20 = ?
(a) 99/1020
(b) 99/10
(c) 0.9
(d) none of these
Ans. (a)


Q. Pipe A can fill in 20 minutes and Pipe B in 30 mins and Pipe C can empty the same in 40 mins.If all of them work together, find the time taken to fill the tank
(a) 17 1/7 mins
(b) 20 mins
(c) 8 mins
(d) none of these
Ans. (a)


Q. Thirty men take 20 days to complete a job working 9 hours a day. How many hour a day should 40 men work to complete the job?
(a) 8 hrs
(b) 7 1/2 hrs
(c) 7 hrs
(d) 9 hrs
Ans. (b)


Q. Find the smallest number in a GP whose sum is 38 and product 1728
(a) 12
(b) 20
(c) 8
(d) none of these
Ans. (c)


Q. A boat travels 20 kms upstream in 6 hrs and 18 kms downstream in 4 hrs. Find the speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the water current?
(a) 1/2 kmph
(b) 7/12 kmph
(c) 5 kmph
(d) none of these
Ans. (b)


Q. A goat is tied to one corner of a square plot of side 12m by a rope 7m long. Find the area it can graze?
(a) 38.5 sq.m
(b) 155 sq.m
(c) 144 sq.m
(d) 19.25 sq.m
Ans. (a)


Q. Mr. Shah decided to walk down the escalator of a tube station. He found that if he walks down 26 steps, he requires 30 seconds to reach the bottom. However, if he steps down 34 stairs he would only require 18 seconds to get to the bottom. If the time is measured from the moment the top step begins to descend to the time he steps off the last step at the bottom, find out the height of the stair way in steps?
Ans.46 steps.


Q. The average age of 10 members of a committee is the same as it was 4 years ago, because an old member has been replaced by a young member. Find how much younger is the new member ?
Ans.40 years. 

Read More

2:38 PM | 1 comments

Manual-Testing Interview Questions

What makes a good test engineer?
A good test engineer has a 'test to break' attitude, an ability to take the point of view of the customer, a strong desire for quality, and an attention to detail. Tact and diplomacy are useful in maintaining a cooperative relationship with developers, and an ability to communicate with both technical (developers) and non-technical (customers, management) people is useful. Previous software development experience can be helpful as it provides a deeper understanding of the software development process, gives the tester an appreciation for the developers' point of view, and reduce the learning curve in automated test tool programming. Judgement skills are needed to assess high-risk areas of an application on which to focus testing efforts when time is limited.

What makes a good Software QA engineer?
The same qualities a good tester has are useful for a QA engineer. Additionally, they must be able to understand the entire software development process and how it can fit into the business approach and goals of the organization. Communication skills and the ability to understand various sides of issues are important. In organizations in the early stages of implementing QA processes, patience and diplomacy are especially needed. An ability to find problems as well as to see 'what's missing' is important for inspections and reviews.

What makes a good QA or Test manager?
A good QA, test, or QA/Test(combined) manager should:
• be familiar with the software development process
• be able to maintain enthusiasm of their team and promote a positive atmosphere, despite
• what is a somewhat 'negative' process (e.g., looking for or preventing problems)
• be able to promote teamwork to increase productivity
• be able to promote cooperation between software, test, and QA engineers
• have the diplomatic skills needed to promote improvements in QA processes
• have the ability to withstand pressures and say 'no' to other managers when quality is insufficient or QA processes are not being adhered to
• have people judgement skills for hiring and keeping skilled personnel
• be able to communicate with technical and non-technical people, engineers, managers, and customers.
• be able to run meetings and keep them focused

What's the role of documentation in QA?
Critical. (Note that documentation can be electronic, not necessarily paper.) QA practices should be documented such that they are repeatable. Specifications, designs, business rules, inspection reports, configurations, code changes, test plans, test cases, bug reports, user manuals, etc. should all be documented. There should ideally be a system for easily finding and obtaining documents and determining what documentation will have a particular piece of information. Change management for documentation should be used if possible.

What's the big deal about 'requirements'?
One of the most reliable methods of insuring problems, or failure, in a complex software project is to have poorly documented requirements specifications. Requirements are the details describing an application's externally-perceived functionality and properties. Requirements should be clear, complete, reasonably detailed, cohesive, attainable, and testable. A non-testable requirement would be, for example, 'user-friendly' (too subjective). A testable requirement would be something like 'the user must enter their previously-assigned password to access the application'. Determining and organizing requirements details in a useful and efficient way can be a difficult effort; different methods are available depending on the particular project. Many books are available that describe various approaches to this task. (See the Bookstore section's 'Software Requirements Engineering' category for books on Software Requirements.)
Care should be taken to involve ALL of a project's significant 'customers' in the requirements process. 'Customers' could be in-house personnel or out, and could include end-users, customer acceptance testers, customer contract officers, customer management, future software maintenance engineers, salespeople, etc. Anyone who could later derail the project if their expectations aren't met should be included if possible.
Organizations vary considerably in their handling of requirements specifications. Ideally, the requirements are spelled out in a document with statements such as 'The product shall.....'. 'Design' specifications should not be confused with 'requirements'; design specifications should be traceable back to the requirements.
In some organizations requirements may end up in high level project plans, functional specification documents, in design documents, or in other documents at various levels of detail. No matter what they are called, some type of documentation with detailed requirements will be needed by testers in order to properly plan and execute tests. Without such documentation, there will be no clear-cut way to determine if a software application is performing correctly.
'Agile' methods such as XP use methods requiring close interaction and cooperation between programmers and customers/end-users to iteratively develop requirements. The programmer uses 'Test first' development to first create automated unit testing code, which essentially embodies the requirements.

What steps are needed to develop and run software tests?
The following are some of the steps to consider:
• Obtain requirements, functional design, and internal design specifications and other necessary documents
• Obtain budget and schedule requirements
• Determine project-related personnel and their responsibilities, reporting requirements, required standards and processes (such as release processes, change processes, etc.)
• Identify application's higher-risk aspects, set priorities, and determine scope and limitations of tests
• Determine test approaches and methods - unit, integration, functional, system, load, usability tests, etc.
• Determine test environment requirements (hardware, software, communications, etc.)
• Determine testware requirements (record/playback tools, coverage analyzers, test tracking, problem/bug tracking, etc.)
• Determine test input data requirements
• Identify tasks, those responsible for tasks, and labor requirements
• Set schedule estimates, timelines, milestones
• Determine input equivalence classes, boundary value analyses, error classes
• Prepare test plan document and have needed reviews/approvals
• Write test cases
• Have needed reviews/inspections/approvals of test cases
• Prepare test environment and testware, obtain needed user manuals/reference documents/configuration guides/installation guides, set up test tracking processes, set up logging and archiving processes, set up or obtain test input data
• Obtain and install software releases
• Perform tests
• Evaluate and report results
• Track problems/bugs and fixes
• Retest as needed
• Maintain and update test plans, test cases, test environment, and testware through life cycle

What's a 'test plan'?
A software project test plan is a document that describes the objectives, scope, approach, and focus of a software testing effort. The process of preparing a test plan is a useful way to think through the efforts needed to validate the acceptability of a software product. The completed document will help people outside the test group understand the 'why' and 'how' of product validation. It should be thorough enough to be useful but not so thorough that no one outside the test group will read it. The following are some of the items that might be included in a test plan, depending on the particular project:
• Title
• Identification of software including version/release numbers
• Revision history of document including authors, dates, approvals
• Table of Contents
• Purpose of document, intended audience
• Objective of testing effort
• Software product overview
• Relevant related document list, such as requirements, design documents, other test plans, etc.
• Relevant standards or legal requirements
• Traceability requirements
• Relevant naming conventions and identifier conventions
• Overall software project organization and personnel/contact-info/responsibilties
• Test organization and personnel/contact-info/responsibilities
• Assumptions and dependencies
• Project risk analysis
• Testing priorities and focus
• Scope and limitations of testing
• Test outline - a decomposition of the test approach by test type, feature, functionality, process, system, module, etc. as applicable
• Outline of data input equivalence classes, boundary value analysis, error classes
• Test environment - hardware, operating systems, other required software, data configurations, interfaces to other systems
• Test environment validity analysis - differences between the test and production systems and their impact on test validity.
• Test environment setup and configuration issues
• Software migration processes
• Software CM processes
• Test data setup requirements
• Database setup requirements
• Outline of system-logging/error-logging/other capabilities, and tools such as screen capture software, that will be used to help describe and report bugs
• Discussion of any specialized software or hardware tools that will be used by testers to help track the cause or source of bugs
• Test automation - justification and overview
• Test tools to be used, including versions, patches, etc.
• Test script/test code maintenance processes and version control
• Problem tracking and resolution - tools and processes
• Project test metrics to be used
• Reporting requirements and testing deliverables
• Software entrance and exit criteria
• Initial sanity testing period and criteria
• Test suspension and restart criteria
• Personnel allocation
• Personnel pre-training needs
• Test site/location
• Outside test organizations to be utilized and their purpose, responsibilties, deliverables, contact persons, and coordination issues
• Relevant proprietary, classified, security, and licensing issues.
• Open issues
• Appendix - glossary, acronyms, etc.
(See the Bookstore section's 'Software Testing' and 'Software QA' categories for useful books with more information.)

What's a 'test case'?
• A test case is a document that describes an input, action, or event and an expected response, to determine if a feature of an application is working correctly. A test case should contain particulars such as test case identifier, test case name, objective, test conditions/setup, input data requirements, steps, and expected results.
• Note that the process of developing test cases can help find problems in the requirements or design of an application, since it requires completely thinking through the operation of the application. For this reason, it's useful to prepare test cases early in the development cycle if possible.

What should be done after a bug is found?
The bug needs to be communicated and assigned to developers that can fix it. After the problem is resolved, fixes should be re-tested, and determinations made regarding requirements for regression testing to check that fixes didn't create problems elsewhere. If a problem-tracking system is in place, it should encapsulate these processes. A variety of commercial problem-tracking/management software tools are available (see the 'Tools' section for web resources with listings of such tools). The following are items to consider in the tracking process:
• Complete information such that developers can understand the bug, get an idea of it's severity, and reproduce it if necessary.
• Bug identifier (number, ID, etc.)
• Current bug status (e.g., 'Released for Retest', 'New', etc.)
• The application name or identifier and version
• The function, module, feature, object, screen, etc. where the bug occurred
• Environment specifics, system, platform, relevant hardware specifics
• Test case name/number/identifier
• One-line bug description
• Full bug description
• Description of steps needed to reproduce the bug if not covered by a test case or if the developer doesn't have easy access to the test case/test script/test tool
• Names and/or descriptions of file/data/messages/etc. used in test
• File excerpts/error messages/log file excerpts/screen shots/test tool logs that would be helpful in finding the cause of the problem
• Severity estimate (a 5-level range such as 1-5 or 'critical'-to-'low' is common)
• Was the bug reproducible?
• Tester name
• Test date
• Bug reporting date
• Name of developer/group/organization the problem is assigned to
• Description of problem cause
• Description of fix
• Code section/file/module/class/method that was fixed
• Date of fix
• Application version that contains the fix
• Tester responsible for retest
• Retest date
• Retest results
• Regression testing requirements
• Tester responsible for regression tests
• Regression testing results
A reporting or tracking process should enable notification of appropriate personnel at various stages. For instance, testers need to know when retesting is needed, developers need to know when bugs are found and how to get the needed information, and reporting/summary capabilities are needed for managers.

What is 'configuration management'?
Configuration management covers the processes used to control, coordinate, and track: code, requirements, documentation, problems, change requests, designs, tools/compilers/libraries/patches, changes made to them, and who makes the changes. (See the 'Tools' section for web resources with listings of configuration management tools. Also see the Bookstore section's 'Configuration Management' category for useful books with more information.)

What if the software is so buggy it can't really be tested at all?
The best bet in this situation is for the testers to go through the process of reporting whatever bugs or blocking-type problems initially show up, with the focus being on critical bugs. Since this type of problem can severely affect schedules, and indicates deeper problems in the software development process (such as insufficient unit testing or insufficient integration testing, poor design, improper build or release procedures, etc.) managers should be notified, and provided with some documentation as evidence of the problem.

How can it be known when to stop testing?
This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so complex, and run in such an interdependent environment, that complete testing can never be done. Common factors in deciding when to stop are:
• Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines, etc.)
• Test cases completed with certain percentage passed
• Test budget depleted
• Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point
• Bug rate falls below a certain level
• Beta or alpha testing period ends

What if there isn't enough time for thorough testing?
Use risk analysis to determine where testing should be focused.
Since it's rarely possible to test every possible aspect of an application, every possible combination of events, every dependency, or everything that could go wrong, risk analysis is appropriate to most software development projects. This requires judgement skills, common sense, and experience. (If warranted, formal methods are also available.) Considerations can include:
• Which functionality is most important to the project's intended purpose?
• Which functionality is most visible to the user?
• Which functionality has the largest safety impact?
• Which functionality has the largest financial impact on users?
• Which aspects of the application are most important to the customer?
• Which aspects of the application can be tested early in the development cycle?
• Which parts of the code are most complex, and thus most subject to errors?
• Which parts of the application were developed in rush or panic mode?
• Which aspects of similar/related previous projects caused problems?
• Which aspects of similar/related previous projects had large maintenance expenses?
• Which parts of the requirements and design are unclear or poorly thought out?
• What do the developers think are the highest-risk aspects of the application?
• What kinds of problems would cause the worst publicity?
• What kinds of problems would cause the most customer service complaints?
• What kinds of tests could easily cover multiple functionalities?
• Which tests will have the best high-risk-coverage to time-required ratio?

What if the project isn't big enough to justify extensive testing?
Consider the impact of project errors, not the size of the project. However, if extensive testing is still not justified, risk analysis is again needed and the same considerations as described previously in 'What if there isn't enough time for thorough testing?' apply. The tester might then do ad hoc testing, or write up a limited test plan based on the risk analysis.

What can be done if requirements are changing continuously?
A common problem and a major headache.
• Work with the project's stakeholders early on to understand how requirements might change so that alternate test plans and strategies can be worked out in advance, if possible.
• It's helpful if the application's initial design allows for some adaptability so that later changes do not require redoing the application from scratch.
• If the code is well-commented and well-documented this makes changes easier for the developers.
• Use rapid prototyping whenever possible to help customers feel sure of their requirements and minimize changes.
• The project's initial schedule should allow for some extra time commensurate with the possibility of changes.
• Try to move new requirements to a 'Phase 2' version of an application, while using the original requirements for the 'Phase 1' version.
• Negotiate to allow only easily-implemented new requirements into the project, while moving more difficult new requirements into future versions of the application.
• Be sure that customers and management understand the scheduling impacts, inherent risks, and costs of significant requirements changes. Then let management or the customers (not the developers or testers) decide if the changes are warranted - after all, that's their job.
• Balance the effort put into setting up automated testing with the expected effort required to re-do them to deal with changes.
• Try to design some flexibility into automated test scripts.
• Focus initial automated testing on application aspects that are most likely to remain unchanged.
• Devote appropriate effort to risk analysis of changes to minimize regression testing needs.
• Design some flexibility into test cases (this is not easily done; the best bet might be to minimize the detail in the test cases, or set up only higher-level generic-type test plans)
• Focus less on detailed test plans and test cases and more on ad hoc testing (with an understanding of the added risk that this entails).

What if the application has functionality that wasn't in the requirements?
It may take serious effort to determine if an application has significant unexpected or hidden functionality, and it would indicate deeper problems in the software development process. If the functionality isn't necessary to the purpose of the application, it should be removed, as it may have unknown impacts or dependencies that were not taken into account by the designer or the customer. If not removed, design information will be needed to determine added testing needs or regression testing needs. Management should be made aware of any significant added risks as a result of the unexpected functionality. If the functionality only effects areas such as minor improvements in the user interface, for example, it may not be a significant risk.

How can Software QA processes be implemented without stifling productivity?
By implementing QA processes slowly over time, using consensus to reach agreement on processes, and adjusting and experimenting as an organization grows and matures, productivity will be improved instead of stifled. Problem prevention will lessen the need for problem detection, panics and burn-out will decrease, and there will be improved focus and less wasted effort. At the same time, attempts should be made to keep processes simple and efficient, minimize paperwork, promote computer-based processes and automated tracking and reporting, minimize time required in meetings, and promote training as part of the QA process. However, no one - especially talented technical types - likes rules or bureacracy, and in the short run things may slow down a bit. A typical scenario would be that more days of planning and development will be needed, but less time will be required for late-night bug-fixing and calming of irate customers.

What if an organization is growing so fast that fixed QA processes are impossible?
This is a common problem in the software industry, especially in new technology areas. There is no easy solution in this situation, other than:
• Hire good people
• Management should 'ruthlessly prioritize' quality issues and maintain focus on the customer
• Everyone in the organization should be clear on what 'quality' means to the customer

How does a client/server environment affect testing?
Client/server applications can be quite complex due to the multiple dependencies among clients, data communications, hardware, and servers. Thus testing requirements can be extensive. When time is limited (as it usually is) the focus should be on integration and system testing. Additionally, load/stress/performance testing may be useful in determining client/server application limitations and capabilities. There are commercial tools to assist with such testing. (See the 'Tools' section for web resources with listings that include these kinds of test tools.)

How can World Wide Web sites be tested?
Web sites are essentially client/server applications - with web servers and 'browser' clients. Consideration should be given to the interactions between html pages, TCP/IP communications, Internet connections, firewalls, applications that run in web pages (such as applets, javascript, plug-in applications), and applications that run on the server side (such as cgi scripts, database interfaces, logging applications, dynamic page generators, asp, etc.). Additionally, there are a wide variety of servers and browsers, various versions of each, small but sometimes significant differences between them, variations in connection speeds, rapidly changing technologies, and multiple standards and protocols. The end result is that testing for web sites can become a major ongoing effort. Other considerations might include:
• What are the expected loads on the server (e.g., number of hits per unit time?), and what kind of performance is required under such loads (such as web server response time, database query response times). What kinds of tools will be needed for performance testing (such as web load testing tools, other tools already in house that can be adapted, web robot downloading tools, etc.)?
• Who is the target audience? What kind of browsers will they be using? What kind of connection speeds will they by using? Are they intra- organization (thus with likely high connection speeds and similar browsers) or Internet-wide (thus with a wide variety of connection speeds and browser types)?
• What kind of performance is expected on the client side (e.g., how fast should pages appear, how fast should animations, applets, etc. load and run)?
• Will down time for server and content maintenance/upgrades be allowed? how much?
• What kinds of security (firewalls, encryptions, passwords, etc.) will be required and what is it expected to do? How can it be tested?
• How reliable are the site's Internet connections required to be? And how does that affect backup system or redundant connection requirements and testing?
• What processes will be required to manage updates to the web site's content, and what are the requirements for maintaining, tracking, and controlling page content, graphics, links, etc.?
• Which HTML specification will be adhered to? How strictly? What variations will be allowed for targeted browsers?
• Will there be any standards or requirements for page appearance and/or graphics throughout a site or parts of a site??
• How will internal and external links be validated and updated? how often?
• Can testing be done on the production system, or will a separate test system be required? How are browser caching, variations in browser option settings, dial-up connection variabilities, and real-world internet 'traffic congestion' problems to be accounted for in testing?
• How extensive or customized are the server logging and reporting requirements; are they considered an integral part of the system and do they require testing?
• How are cgi programs, applets, javascripts, ActiveX components, etc. to be maintained, tracked, controlled, and tested?
Some sources of site security information include the Usenet newsgroup 'comp.security.announce' and links concerning web site security in the 'Other Resources' section.
Some usability guidelines to consider - these are subjective and may or may not apply to a given situation (Note: more information on usability testing issues can be found in articles about web site usability in the 'Other Resources' section):
• Pages should be 3-5 screens max unless content is tightly focused on a single topic. If larger, provide internal links within the page.
• The page layouts and design elements should be consistent throughout a site, so that it's clear to the user that they're still within a site.
• Pages should be as browser-independent as possible, or pages should be provided or generated based on the browser-type.
• All pages should have links external to the page; there should be no dead-end pages.
• The page owner, revision date, and a link to a contact person or organization should be included on each page.
Many new web site test tools have appeared in the recent years and more than 280 of them are listed in the 'Web Test Tools' section.

Read more: http://www.ittestpapers.com/manual-testing-interview-questions.html#ixzz1H5E8f2T8

Read More

2:33 PM | 1 comments

TCS APTITUDE PAPER WITH SOLUTIONS

TCS APTITUDE PAPER WITH SOLUTIONS

1) If log 0.317=0.3332 and log 0.318=0.3364 then find log 0.319 ?
Sol) log 0.317=0.3332 and log 0.318=0.3364, then
log 0.319=log0.318+(log0.318-log0.317) = 0.3396

2) A box of 150 packets consists of 1kg packets and 2kg packets. Total weight of box is 264kg. How many 2kg packets are there ?
Sol) x= 2 kg Packs
y= 1 kg packs
x + y = 150     .......... Eqn 1
2x + y = 264   .......... Eqn 2
Solve the Simultaneous equation; x = 114
so, y = 36
ANS :  Number of 2 kg Packs = 114.

3) My flight takes of at 2am from a place at 18N 10E and landed 10 Hrs later at a place with coordinates 36N70W. What is the local time when my plane landed?
6:00 am b) 6:40am c) 7:40 d) 7:00 e) 8:00
Sol) The destination place is 80 degree west to the starting place. Hence the time difference between these two places is 5 hour 20 min. (=24hr*80/360).
When the flight landed, the time at the starting place is 12 noon (2 AM + 10 hours).
Hence, the time at the destination place is 12 noon - 5:20 hours = 6: 40 AM

4) A plane moves from 9°N40°E to 9°N40°W. If the plane starts at 10 am and takes 8 hours to reach the destination, find the local arrival time ?
Sol) Since it is moving from east to west longitide we need to add both
ie,40+40=80
multiply the ans by 4
=>80*4=320min
convert this min to hours ie, 5hrs 33min
It takes 8hrs totally . So 8-5hr 30 min=2hr 30min
So the ans is 10am+2hr 30 min
=>ans is 12:30 it will reach

5) The size of the bucket is N kb. The bucket fills at the rate of 0.1 kb per millisecond. A programmer sends a program to receiver. There it waits for 10 milliseconds. And response will be back to programmer in 20 milliseconds. How much time the program takes to get a response back to the programmer, after it is sent? Please tell me the answer with explanation. Very urgent.
Sol) see it doesn't matter that wat the time is being taken to fill the bucket.after reaching program it waits there for 10ms and back to the programmer in 20 ms.then total time to get the response is 20ms +10 ms=30ms...it's so simple....

6) A file is transferred from one location to another in 'buckets'. The size of the bucket is 10 kilobytes. Each bucket gets filled at the rate of 0.0001 kilobytes per millisecond. The transmission time from sender to receiver is 10 milliseconds per bucket. After the receipt of the bucket the receiver sends an acknowledgement that reaches sender in 100 milliseconds. Assuming no error during transmission, write a formula to calculate the time taken in seconds to successfully complete the transfer of a file of size N kilobytes.
(n/1000)*(n/10)*10+(n/100)....as i hv calculated...~~!not 100% sure

7) A fisherman's day is rated as good if he catches 9 fishes, fair if 7 fishes and bad if 5 fishes. He catches 53 fishes in a week n had all good, fair n bad days in the week. So how many good, fair n bad days did the fisher man had in the week
Ans:4 good, 1 fair n 2 bad days
Sol) Go to river catch fish
4*9=36
7*1=7
2*5=10
36+7+10=53...
take what is given 53
good days means --- 9 fishes so 53/9=4(remainder=17)  if u assume 5 then there is no chance for bad days.
fair days means ----- 7 fishes so remaining 17 --- 17/7=1(remainder=10) if u assume 2 then there is no chance for bad days.
bad days means -------5 fishes so remaining 10---10/5=2days.
   Ans: 4 good, 1 fair, 2bad. ==== total 7 days.

x+y+z=7--------- eq1
9*x+7*y+5*z=53 -------eq2
multiply eq 1 by 9,
9*x+9*y+9*z=35 -------------eq3
from eq2 and eq3
2*y+4*z=10-----eq4
since all x,y and z are integer i sud put a integer value of y such that z sud be integer in eq 4 .....and ther will be two value y=1 or 3 then z = 2 or 1 from eq 4

for first  y=1,z=2 then from eq1 x= 4
so 9*4+1*7+2*5=53.... satisfied
now for second y=3 z=1 then from eq1 x=3
so 9*3+3*7+1*5=53 ......satisfied
so finally there are two solution of this question
(x,y,z)=(4,1,2) and (3,3,1)...

8) Y catches 5 times more fishes than X. If total number of fishes caught by X and Y is 42, then number of fishes caught by X?
Sol) Let no. of fish x catches=p
no. caught by y =r
r=5p.
r+p=42
then p=7,r=35

9) Three companies are working independently and receiving the savings 20%, 30%, 40%. If the companies work combinely, what will be their net savings?
suppose total income is 100 http://www.ChetanaS.org
so amount x is getting is 80
y is 70
z =60
total=210

but total money is 300
300-210=90
so they are getting 90 rs less
90 is 30% of 300 so they r getting 30% discount

10) The ratio of incomes of C and D is 3:4.the ratio of their expenditures is 4:5. Find the ratio of their savings if the savings of C is one fourths of his income?
Sol) incomes:3:4
expenditures:4:5
3x-4y=1/4(3x)
12x-16y=3x
9x=16y
y=9x/16
(3x-4(9x/16))/((4x-5(9x/16)))
ans:12/19

11) If G(0) = -1 G(1)= 1 and G(N)=G(N-1) - G(N-2) then what is the value of G(6)?
ans: -1
bcoz g(2)=g(1)-g(0)=1+1=2
g(3)=1
g(4)=-1
g(5)=-2
g(6)=-1

12) If A can copy 50 pages in 10 hours and A and B together can copy 70 pages in 10 hours, how much time does B takes to copy 26 pages?
Sol) A can copy 50 pages in 10 hrs.
A can copy 5 pages in 1hr.(50/10)
now A & B can copy 70 pages in 10hrs.
thus, B can copy 90 pages in 10 hrs.[eqn. is (50+x)/2=70, where x--> no. of pages B can copy in 10 hrs.]
so, B can copy 9 pages in 1hr.
therefore, to copy 26 pages B will need almost 3hrs.
since in 3hrs B can copy 27 pages.

13) what's the answer for that :
A, B and C are 8 bit no's. They are as follows:
A -> 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
B -> 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
C -> 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 ( - =minus, u=union)
Find ((A - C) u B) =?

To find A-C, We will find 2's compliment of C and them add it with A,
That will give us (A-C)
2's compliment of C=1's compliment of C+1
=11000101+1=11000110
A-C=11000101+11000110
=10001001
Now (A-C) U B is .OR. logic operation on (A-C) and B
10001001 .OR . 00110011
The answer is = 10111011,
Whose decimal equivalent is 187.

14) One circular array is given(means memory allocation tales place in circular fashion) diamension(9X7) and sarting add. is 3000, What is the address of (2,3)........
Sol) it's a 9x7 int array so it reqiure a 126 bytes for storing.b'ze integer value need 2 byes of memory allocation. and starting add is 3000
so starting add of 2x3 will be 3012.

15) In a two-dimensional array, X (9, 7), with each element occupying 4 bytes of memory, with the address of the first element X (1, 1) is 3000, find the address of X (8, 5).
Sol) initial x (1,1) = 3000 u hav to find from x(8,1)so u have x(1,1),x(1,2) ... x(7,7) = so u have totally 7 * 7 = 49 elementsu need to find for x(8,5) ? here we have 5 elements each element have 4 bytes : (49 + 5 -1) * 4 = 212 -----( -1 is to deduct the 1 element ) 3000 + 212 = 3212

16) Which of the following is power of 3 a) 2345 b) 9875 c) 6504 d) 9833

17) The size of a program is N. And the memory occupied by the program is given by M = square root of 100N. If the size of the program is increased by 1% then how much memory now occupied ?
Sol) M=sqrt(100N)
N is increased by 1%
therefore new value of N=N + (N/100)
                =101N/100
M=sqrt(100 * (101N/100) )
Hence, we get M=sqrt(101 *  N)

18)
1)SCOOTER --------- AUTOMOBILE--- A. PART OF
2.OXYGEN----------- WATER ------- B. A Type of
3.SHOP STAFF------- FITTERS------ C. NOT A TYPE OF
4. BUG -------------REPTILE------ D. A SUPERSET OF
1)B    2)A       3)D     4)C

19) A bus started from bustand at 8.00a m and after 30 min staying at destination, it returned back to the bustand. the destination is 27 miles from the bustand. the speed of the bus 50 percent fast speed. at what time it returns to the bustand
this is the step by step solution:
a bus cover 27 mile with 18 mph in =27/18= 1 hour 30 min. and it wait at stand =30 min.
after this speed of return increase by 50% so 50%of 18 mph=9mph
Total speed of returnig=18+9=27
Then in return it take 27/27=1 hour
then total time in joureny=1+1:30+00:30 =3 hour
so it will  come at 8+3 hour=11 a.m.
So Ans==11 a.m

20) In two dimensional array X(7,9) each element occupies 2 bytes of memory.If the address of first element X(1,1)is 1258 then what will be the address of the element X(5,8) ?
Sol) Here, the address of first element x[1][1] is 1258 and also 2 byte of memory is given. now, we have to solve the address of element x[5][8], therefore, 1258+ 5*8*2 = 1258+80 = 1338 so the answer is 1338.

21) The temperature at Mumbai is given by the function: -t2/6+4t+12 where t is the elapsed time since midnight. What is the percentage rise (or fall) in temperature between 5.00PM and 8.00PM?

22) Low temperature at the night in a city is 1/3 more than 1/2 high as higher temperature in a day.  Sum of the low temperature and highest temp. is 100 degrees. Then what is the low temp?
Sol) Let highest temp be x
so low temp=1/3 of x of 1/2 of x plus x/2 i.e. x/6+x/2
total temp=x+x/6+x/2=100
therefore, x=60
Lowest temp is 40

23) In Madras, temperature at noon varies according to -t^2/2 + 8t + 3, where t is elapsed time. Find how much temperature more or less in 4pm to 9pm. Ans. At 9pm 7.5 more
Sol) In equestion  first put t=9,
we will get 34.5...........................(1)
now put t=4,
we will get 27..............................(2)
so ans=34.5-27
          =7.5

24) A person had to multiply two numbers. Instead of multiplying by 35, he multiplied by 53 and the product went up by 540. What was the raised product?
a) 780     b) 1040   c) 1590   d) 1720
Sol) x*53-x*35=540=> x=30 therefore, 53*30=1590 Ans

25) How many positive integer solutions does the equation 2x+3y = 100 have?
a) 50   b) 33   c) 16    d) 35
Sol) There is a simple way to answer this kind of Q's given 2x+3y=100, take l.c.m of 'x' coeff and 'y' coeff i.e. l.c.m of 2,3 ==6then divide 100 with 6 , which turns out 16 hence answer is 16short cut formula--- constant / (l.cm of x coeff and y coeff)

26) The total expense of a boarding house are partly fixed and partly variable with the number of boarders. The charge is Rs.70 per head when there are 25 boarders and Rs.60 when there are 50 boarders. Find the charge per head when there are 100 boarders.
a) 65    b) 55   c) 50   d) 45
Sol)
Let a = fixed cost and k = variable cost and n = number of boarders
total cost when 25 boarders c = 25*70 = 1750 i.e. 1750 = a + 25k
total cost when 50 boarders c = 50*60 = 3000 i.e. 3000 = a + 50k
solving above 2 eqns, 3000-1750 = 25k i.e. 1250 = 25k i.e. k = 50
therefore, substituting this value of k in either of above 2 eqns we get
a = 500 (a = 3000-50*50 = 500 or a = 1750 - 25*50 = 500)
so total cost when 100 boarders = c = a + 100k = 500 + 100*50 = 5500
so cost per head = 5500/100 = 55

27) Amal bought 5 pens, 7 pencils and 4 erasers. Rajan bought 6 pens, 8 erasers and 14 pencils for an amount which was half more than what Amal had paid. What % of the total amount paid by Amal was paid for pens?
a) 37.5%     b) 62.5%   c) 50%   d) None of these
Sol)
Let, 5 pens + 7 pencils + 4  erasers = x  rupees
so 10 pens  + 14 pencils + 8 erasers = 2*x rupees
also mentioned, 6 pens + 14 pencils + 8 erarsers = 1.5*x rupees
so (10-6) = 4 pens = (2-1.5)x rupees
so 4 pens = 0.5x rupees => 8 pens = x rupees
so 5 pens = 5x/8 rupees  = 5/8 of total (note x rupees is total amt paid byamal)
i.e 5/8 = 500/8% = 62.5% is the answer

28) I lost Rs.68 in two races. My second race loss is Rs.6 more than the first race. My friend lost Rs.4 more than me in the second race. What is the amount lost by my friend in the second race?
Sol)
x + x+6 = rs 68
2x + 6 = 68
2x = 68-6
2x = 62
x=31
x is the amt lost in I race
x+ 6 = 31+6=37 is lost in second race
then my friend lost 37 + 4 = 41 Rs

29) Ten boxes are there. Each ball weighs 100 gms. One ball is weighing 90 gms. i) If there are 3 balls (n=3) in each box, how many times will it take to find 90 gms ball? ii) Same question with n=10 iii) Same question with n=9
to me the chances are
when n=3
(i) nC1= 3C1 =3 for 10 boxes .. 10*3=30
(ii) 10C1=10 for 10 boxes ....10*10=100
(iii)9C1=9 for 10 boxes .....10*9=90

30) (1-1/6) (1-1/7).... (1- (1/ (n+4))) (1-(1/ (n+5))) = ?
leaving the first numerater and last denominater, all the numerater and denominater will cancelled out one another. Ans. 5/(n+5)

31) A face of the clock is divided into three parts. First part hours total is equal to the sum of the second and third part. What is the total of hours in the bigger part?
Sol) the clock normally has 12 hr
three parts x,y,z
x+y+z=12
x=y+z
2x=12
x=6
so the largest part is 6 hrs

32) With 4/5 full tank vehicle travels 12 miles, with 1/3 full tank how much distance travels
Sol) 4/5 full tank= 12 mile
1 full tank= 12/(4/5)
1/3 full tank= 12/(4/5)*(1/3)= 5 miles

33) wind blows 160 miles in 330min.for 80 miles how much time required
Sol) 160 miles= 330 min
1 mile = 330/160
80 miles=(330*80)/160=165 min.

34) A person was fined for exceeding the speed limit by 10mph.another person was also fined for exceeding the same speed limit by twice the same if the second person was travelling at a speed of 35 mph. find the speed limit
Sol)
(x+10)=(x+35)/2
solving the eqn we get x=15

35) A sales person multiplied a number and get the answer is 3 instead of that number divided by 3. what is the answer he actually has to get.
Sol) Assume 1
1* 3 = 3
1*1/3=1/3
so he has to got 1/3
this is the exact answer

36) A person who decided to go weekend trip should not exceed 8 hours driving in a day average speed of forward journey is 40 mph due to traffic in Sundays the return journey average speed is 30 mph. How far he can select a picnic spot.

37) Low temperature at the night in a city is 1/3 more than 1/2 hinge as higher temperature in a day. Sum of the low temp and high temp is 100 c. then what is the low temp.
ans is 40 c.
Sol) let x be the highest temp. then,
x+x/2+x/6=100.
therefore, x=60 which is the highest temp
and 100-x=40 which is the lowest temp.

38) car is filled with four and half gallons of oil for full round trip. Fuel is taken 1/4 gallons more in going than coming. What is the fuel consumed in coming up.
Sol) let feul consumed in coming up is x. thus equation is: x+1.25x=4.5ans:2gallons

39) A work is done by the people in 24 min. One of them can do this work alone in 40 min. How much time required to do the same work for the second person
Sol) Two people work together in 24 mins.
So, their one day work is
(1/A)+(1+B)=(1/24)
One man can complete the work in 40mins
one man's one day work (1/B)= (1/40)
Now,
(1/A)=(1/24)-(1/40)
(1/A)=(1/60)
So, A can complete the work in 60 mins.

40) In a company 30% are supervisors and 40% employees are male if 60% of supervisors are male. What is the probability? That a randomly chosen employee is a male or female?
Sol) 40% employees are male if 60% of supervisors are male so for 100% is 26.4%so the probability is 0.264

41) In 80 coins one coin is counterfeit what is minimum number of weighing to find out counterfeit coin
Sol) the minimum number of wieghtings needed is just 5.as shown below
            (1)    80->30-30
            (2)      15-15
            (3)       7-7
            (4)      3-3             
            (5)      1-1

42) 2 oranges, 3 bananas and 4 apples cost Rs.15. 3 oranges, 2 bananas, and 1 apple costs Rs 10. What is the cost of 3 oranges, 3 bananas and 3 apples?
2x+3y+4z=15
3x+2y+z=10 adding
5x+5y+5z=25
x+y+z=5 that is for 1 orange, 1 bannana and 1 apple requires 5Rs.
so for 3 orange, 3 bannana and 3 apple requires 15Rs.
i.e. 3x+3y+3z=15

43) In 8*8 chess board what is the total number of squares refers
Sol) odele discovered that there are 204 squares on the board We found that you would add the different squares - 1 + 4 + 9 + 16+ 25 + 36 + 49 + 64.
Also in 3*3 tic tac toe board what is the total no of squares
Ans 14 ie   9+4(bigger ones)+1 (biggest one)
If you ger 100*100 board just use the formula
the formula for the sum of the first n perfect squares is
                        n x (n + 1) x (2n + 1)
                        ______________________
                                  6
if in this formula if you put n=8 you get your answer 204

44) One fast typist type some matter in 2hr and another slow typist type the same matter in 3hr. If both do combinely in how much time they will finish.
Sol) Faster one can do 1/2 of work in one hourslower one can do 1/3 of work in one hourboth they do (1/2+1/3=5/6) th work in one hour.so work will b finished in 6/5=1.2 hour i e 1 hour 12 min.

45) If Rs20/- is available to pay for typing a research report & typist A produces 42 pages and typist B produces 28 pages. How much should typist A receive?
Here is the answer Find of 42 % of 20 rs with respect to 70 (i.e 28 + 42) ==> (42 * 20 )/70 ==> 12 Rs

46) An officer kept files on his table at various times in the order 1,2,3,4,5,6. Typist can take file from top whenever she has time and type it.What order she cann t type.?

47) In some game 139 members have participated every time one fellow will get bye what is the number of matches to choose the champion to be held?
the answer is 138 matches
Sol) since one player gets a bye in each round,he will reach the finals of the tournament without playing a match. http://www.ChetanaS.org
therefore 137 matches should be played to detemine the second finalist from the remaining 138 players(excluding the 1st player)
therefore to determine the winner 138 matches shd be played.

48) One rectangular plate with length 8inches, breadth 11 inches and 2 inches thickness is there. What is the length of the circular rod with diameter 8 inches and equal to volume of rectangular plate?
Sol) Vol. of rect. plate= 8*11*2=176
area of rod=(22/7)*(8/2)*(8/2)=(352/7)
vol. of rod=area*length=vol. of plate
so length of rod= vol of plate/area=176/(352/7)=3.5

49) One tank will fill in 6 minutes at the rate of 3cu ft /min, length of tank is 4 ft and the width is 1/2 of length, what is the depth of the tank?
3 ft 7.5 inches

50) A man has to get air-mail. He starts to go to airport on his motorbike. Plane comes early and the mail is sent by a horse-cart. The man meets the cart in the middle after half an hour. He takes the mail and returns back, by doing so, he saves twenty minutes. How early did the plane arrive?
ans:10min:::assume  he started at 1:00,so at 1:30 he met cart. He returned home at 2:00.so it took him 1 hour for the total jorney.by doing this he saved 20 min.so the actual time if the plane is not late is 1 hour and 20 min.so the actual time of plane is at 1:40.The cart travelled a time of 10 min before it met him.so the plane is 10 min early.

51) Ram singh goes to his office in the city every day from his suburban house. His driver Mangaram drops him at the railway station in the morning and picks him up in the evening. Every evening Ram singh reaches the station at 5 o'clock. Mangaram also reaches at the same time. One day Ram singh started early from his office and came to the station at 4 o'clock. Not wanting to wait for the car he starts walking home. Mangaram starts at normal time, picks him up on the way and takes him back house, half an hour early. How much time did Ram singh walked?

52) 2 trees are there. One grows at 3/5 of the other. In 4 years total growth of the trees is 8 ft. what growth will smaller tree have in 2 years.
Sol) THE BIG TREE GROWS 8FT IN 4 YEARS=>THE BIG TREE  GROWS 4FT IN 2 YEARS.WHEN WE DIVIDE 4FT/5=.8*3=>2.4
ans: 1.5 mt 4 (x+(3/5)x)=88x/5=2x=5/4 after 2 years x=(3/5)*(5/4)*2 =1.5

53) There is a six digit code. Its first two digits, multiplied by 3 gives all ones. And the next two digits multiplied by 6 give all twos. Remaining two digits multiplied by 9 gives all threes. Then what is the code?
sol) Assume the digit xx xx xx (six digits)
First Two digit       xx * 3=111
                      xx=111/3=37
( first two digits of 1 is not divisible by 3   so we can use 111)
Second Two digit xx*6=222
                 xx=222/6=37
( first two digits of 2 is not divisible by 6   so we can use 222)
Thrid Two digit    xx*9=333
                   xx=333/9=37
( first two digits of 3 is not divisible by 9   so we can use 333)

54) There are 4 balls and 4 boxes of colours yellow, pink, red and green. Red ball is in a box whose colour is same as that of the ball in a yellow box. Red box has green ball. In which box you find the yellow ball?
ans is green...
Sol) Yellow box can have either of pink/yellow balls.
if we put a yellow ball in "yellow" box then it wud imply that "yellow" is also the colour of the box which has the red ball(becoz acordin 2 d question,d box of the red ball n the ball in the yellow box have same colour)
thus this possibility is ruled out...
therefore the ball in yellow box must be pink,hence the colour of box containin red ball is also pink....
=>the box colour left out is "green",,,which is alloted to the only box left,,,the one which has yellow ball..

55) A bag contains 20 yellow balls, 10 green balls, 5 white balls, 8 black balls, and 1 red ball. How many minimum balls one should pick out so that to make sure the he gets at least 2 balls of same color.
Ans:he should pick 6 ball totally.
Sol) Suppose he picks 5 balls of all different colours then  when he picks up the sixth one, it must match  any on of the previously drawn ball colour.
thus he must pick 6 balls

56) What is the number of zeros at the end of the product of the numbers from 1 to 100
Sol) For every 5 in unit palce one zero is added Ch eta naS
so between 1 to 100 there are 10 nos like 5,15,25,..,95 which has 5 in unit place.
Similarly for every no divisible by 10 one zero is added in the answer so between 1 to 100  11 zeros are added
for 25,50,75 3 extra zeros are added
so total no of zeros are 10+11+3=24

57) 10 Digit number has its first digit equals to the numbers of 1's, second digit equals to the numbers of 2's, 3rd digit equals to the numbers of 3's .4th equals number of 4's..till 9th digit equals to the numbers of 9's and 10th digit equals to the number of 0's. what is the number?.(6marks)
ans:2100010006
2---shows that two 1's in the ans
1---shows that one 2 in ans
0---shows no 3 in the ans
0---shows no 4 in the ans
0---shows no 5 in the ans
1---shows one 6 in the ans
0---shows no 7 in the ans
0---shows no 8 in the ans
0---shows no 9 in the ans
6---shows six 0's in the ans

58) There are two numbers in the ratio 8:9. if the smaller of the two numbers is increased by 12 and the larger number is reduced by 19 thee the ratio of the two numbers is 5:9. Find the larger number?
sol) 8x:9x initialy
8x+ 12 : 9x - 19 = 5x:9x
8x+12 = 5x
-> x = 4
9x = 36 not sure about the answer ..

59) There are three different boxes A, B and C. Difference between weights of A and B is 3 kgs. And between B and C is 5 kgs. Then what is the maximum sum of the differences of all possible combinations when two boxes are taken each time
A-B = 3
B-c = 5
a-c = 8
so sum of diff = 8+3+5 = 16 kgs

60) A and B are shooters and having their exam. A and B fall short of 10 and 2 shots respectively to the qualifying mark. If each of them fired atleast one shot and even by adding their total score together, they fall short of the qualifying mark, what is the qualifying mark?
ans is 11
coz each had atleast 1 shot done so 10 + 1 = 11
n 9 + 2 = 11
so d ans is 11

61) A, B, C, and D tells the following times by looking at their watches. A tells it is 3 to 12. B tells it is 3 past 12. C tells it is 12:2. D tells it is half a dozen too soon to 12. No two watches show the same time. The difference between the watches is 2,3,4,5 respectively. Whose watch shows maximum time?
sol) A shows 11:57, B shows 12:03, C shows 12:02, and D shows 11:06 therefore, max time is for B

62) Falling height is proportional to square of the time. One object falls 64cm in 2sec than in 6sec from how much height the object will fall.
Sol) The falling height is proportional to the squere of the time.
Now, the falling height is 64cm at 2sec
so, the proportional constant is=64/(2*2)=16;
so, at 6sec the object fall maximum (16*6*6)cm=576cm;
Now, the object may be situated at any where.
if it is>576 only that time the object falling 576cm within 6sec .Otherwise if it is situated<576 then it fall only that height at 6sec.

63) Gavaskar average in first 50 innings was 50. After the 51st innings his average was 51 how many runs he made in the 51st innings
Ans) first 50 ings.- run= 50*50=2500
51st ings.- avg 51. so total run =51*51=2601.
so run scored in that ings=2601-2500=101 runs.

64) Anand finishes a work in 7 days, Bittu finishes the same job in 8 days and Chandu in 6 days. They take turns to finish the work. Anand on the first day, Bittu on the second and Chandu on the third day and then Anand again and so on. On which day will the work get over?
a) 3rd   b) 6th   c) 9th   d) 7th
Ans is d) 7th day
Sol) In d 1st day Anand does 1/7th of total work
similarly,
Bithu does 1/8th work in d 2nd day
hence at d end of 3 days, work done = 1/7+1/8+1/6=73/168
remaining work = (168-73)/168 = 95/168
again after 6 days of work, remaining work is = (95-73)/168 = 22/168
and hence Anand completes the work on 7th day.(hope u understood.)

65) A man, a women and a child can do a piece of work in 6 days,man can do it in 14 days, women can do it 16 days, and in how many days child can do the same work?
The child does it in 24 days

66)
A: 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
B: 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
C: 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
Find ( (A-B) u C )==?
Hint : 109
A-B is {A} - {A n B}
A: 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
B: 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
by binary sub. a-b = 01100001 (1-0=1, 1-1=0,0-0=0, n for the 1st 3 digits 110-011=011)
now (a-b)uc= 01100001
           or      01101101
gives 1101101... convert to decimal equals 109

Read More

11:08 AM | 0 comments

Java Basics

What is the difference between an Interface and an Abstract class?

An abstract class can have instance methods that implement a default behavior. An Interface can only declare constants and instance methods, but cannot implement default behavior and all methods are implicitly abstract. An interface has all public members and no implementation. An abstract class is a class which may have the usual flavors of class members (private, protected, etc.), but has some abstract methods.

What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java, and when is it used?

The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects that are no longer needed by a program so that their resources can be reclaimed and reused. A Java object is subject to garbage collection when it becomes unreachable to the program in which it is used.

Describe synchronization in respect to multithreading?

With respect to multithreading, synchronization is the capability to control the access of multiple threads to shared resources. Without synchonization, it is possible for one thread to modify a shared variable while another thread is in the process of using or updating same shared variable. This usually leads to significant errors.

Explain different way of using thread?

The thread could be implemented by using runnable interface or by inheriting from the Thread class. The former is more advantageous, 'cause when you are going for multiple inheritance..the only interface can help.

What are pass by reference and passby value?

Pass By Reference means the passing the address itself rather than passing the value. Passby Value means passing a copy of the value to be passed.

What is HashMap and Map?

Map is Interface and Hashmap is class that implements that.

Difference between HashMap and HashTable?

The HashMap class is roughly equivalent to Hashtable, except that it is unsynchronized and permits nulls. (HashMap allows null values as key and value whereas Hashtable doesnt allow). HashMap does not guarantee that the order of the map will remain constant over time. HashMap is unsynchronized and Hashtable is synchronized.

Difference between Vector and ArrayList?

Vector is synchronized whereas arraylist is not.

Difference between Swing and Awt?

AWT are heavy-weight componenets. Swings are light-weight components. Hence swing works faster than AWT.

What is the difference between a constructor and a method?

A constructor is a member function of a class that is used to create objects of that class. It has the same name as the class itself, has no return type, and is invoked using the new operator. A method is an ordinary member function of a class. It has its own name, a return type (which may be void), and is invoked using the dot operator.

Read More

7:08 AM | 0 comments